نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشیارگروه اقتصاد، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصادی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
2 دانشجوی دکتری علوم اقتصادی، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصادی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
چکیده
آلودگی زیست‌محیطی از بزرگ‌ترین چالش‌های عصر حاضر است که سلامت انسان و سیاره زمین را به خطر انداخته است. در این میان، اینترنت و شاخص‌های اقتصاد نهادی مانند ارائه خدمات دولت و روند دموکراتیک به‌عنوان سه عنصر کلیدی در توسعه اقتصادی دنیای مدرن، نقشی حیاتی در مقابله با آلودگی و حفظ محیط زیست ایفا می‌کنند. هر کدام از این عوامل به‌طور مستقیم و غیرمستقیم بر میزان انتشار آلاینده‌ها و تخریب محیط زیست تأثیر می‌گذارند. ظهور اینترنت انقلابی در ارتباطات، انتشار اطلاعات و ساختارهای حکومتی در سراسر جهان ایجاد کرده است. هم‌زمان، روند دموکراتیک با تأکید فزاینده بر شفافیت، مشارکت شهروندان و پاسخگویی در حال تکامل است. علاوه بر این، ارائه خدمات دولتی، تسهیل شده توسط فناوری‌های دیجیتال، با هدف بهره‌وری و دسترسی بهتر و آسان‌تر به خدمات دولتی، تحول قابل توجهی داشته است. بااین‌حال، در میان این پیشرفت‌ها، پیامدهای زیست‌محیطی، به‌ویژه از نظر انتشار CO2، توجه را به خود جلب کرده است. ازاین‌رو در این پژوهش، با بهره‌گیری از رویکرد اقتصاد نهادی، تأثیر اینترنت، روند دموکراتیک و ارائه خدمات دولتی بر انتشار CO2 در 63 کشور در دوره زمانی 2000 تا 2020 از طریق روش پانل کوانتایل مورد بررسی قرار می‌گیرد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که افزایش ضریب نفوذ اینترنت در جهان در همه سطوح کوانتایل به جزء سطح 95/0 تأثیر مثبت و معناداری بر انتشار CO2 دارد. شاخص ارائه خدمات دولت فقط در سطوح کوانتایل 0/25 و 0/5 رابطه منفی با انتشار آلایندگی CO2 دارد. روند دموکراتیک در تمام سطوح رابطه بی‌معنی با انتشار آلودگی ناشی از CO2 دارد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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