Research Paper
Saeed Moshiri
Volume 4, Issue 11 , July 2002, Pages 11-53
Abstract
Macroeconomics has undergone enormous changes since its birth in 1930s. Although the new developments have enhanced our understanding of macroeconomic problems and policies effects, their fast pace and vast areas have made catching up difficult for both teachers and students in the field. In this paper, ...
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Macroeconomics has undergone enormous changes since its birth in 1930s. Although the new developments have enhanced our understanding of macroeconomic problems and policies effects, their fast pace and vast areas have made catching up difficult for both teachers and students in the field. In this paper, I review the recent developments in macroeconomics models, approaches, methodologies, and tools. I start with the traditional macroeconomics models, i.e. Keynesian and classics, and quickly turn to Post-Keynesian, New Classics, New Keynesian, and real business cycle approaches. I then briefly touch upon the game theory, growth, general equilibrium, and computational models and their applications in macroeconomics. I also provide a short comparative analysis about teaching and research in macroeconomics in Iran versus the rest of the world, mainly Western universities. The paper ends with predictions about the future of the field along with some recommendations on teaching and research in macroeconomics, particularly for the Iranian universities.
Research Paper
Akbar Nafari; Saeed Rasekhi
Volume 4, Issue 11 , July 2002, Pages 55-93
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze country-level determinants of Intra-industry Trade (IIT) in 13 selected developing countries from 1994 to 1998. To accomplish this, both bilateral and total trade flows calculated were for all the 13 countries. The determinants of IIT have been estimated ...
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The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze country-level determinants of Intra-industry Trade (IIT) in 13 selected developing countries from 1994 to 1998. To accomplish this, both bilateral and total trade flows calculated were for all the 13 countries. The determinants of IIT have been estimated using both pooled and cross-sectional data. The results support the hypothesis that the economic growth is a factor determining the IIT. They also suggest that market size, membership in regional economic organization and similarity in per capita incomes are other country-specific determinants of IIT. In addition, it seems that a common language has the positive effect on bilateral IIT. On the other hand, the results suggest that trade barriers limit IIT and R&D expenditures reinforce inter industry trade, and that there is a significant negative correlation between the extent IIT and trade imbalance. However, the paper does not provide definite results concerning the effect of both distance and multinational enterprises (MNEs) on IIT. In short, the results of the present paper indicate the significance of country-specific factors in determining IIT. Whereas IIT theories basically concentrate on industry-specific factors.
Research Paper
Fathollah Tari; Nasrin Arzroomchilar
Volume 4, Issue 11 , July 2002, Pages 95-114
Abstract
Although most economists accept that education and investment in human resources are very effective in growth, the estimation of its impact on growth has many difficulties. Education spending has been used in this article to evaluate this correspondence. Simulation results show that formal education ...
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Although most economists accept that education and investment in human resources are very effective in growth, the estimation of its impact on growth has many difficulties. Education spending has been used in this article to evaluate this correspondence. Simulation results show that formal education spending will affect growth with a lag about 12 years. This is similar to finding of the studies for other countries.
Research Paper
Hassan Kalbasi; Abdolmajid Jalaii
Volume 4, Issue 11 , July 2002, Pages 115-137
Abstract
This paper, proposes the concept of globalization in different ways. One of the proposed expressions is that: "globalization consists of integration of national economies through trade and expansion of liberal markets models". The paper also investigates the effects of globalization on different sectors ...
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This paper, proposes the concept of globalization in different ways. One of the proposed expressions is that: "globalization consists of integration of national economies through trade and expansion of liberal markets models". The paper also investigates the effects of globalization on different sectors of exports and imports. To achieve this purpose, we globalization exports supply and imports demand functions by separating consumption, intermediate, and capital goods, and employing two measures: the Level of International Trade (LIT) and the International Trade Integration (LIT). In intermediate goods, construction sector has greater coefficient and mine and industry sector have lowest export sensitiveness on globalization of Iran's economy. The coefficient of globalization index for capital goods is almost equal to one and for consumption goods the lowest. In import functions, the greatest coefficient of intermediate and capital goods is related to the mine and industry sectors. On the other hand, agricultural sector has the lowest globalization index, and capital goods have a great sensitiveness. Results indicate that, in capital and intermediate goods, both agricultural and construction sectors have sufficient potential to enter the world market. The gain can be made from the globalization by targeting and market oriented protection of the products in these sectors. However, consumption goods obtain the greatest loss from the globalization.
Research Paper
Hamidreza Navvabpour; Ali Reza Khoshgoyanfard; Mohammad Taheri Monazah
Volume 4, Issue 11 , July 2002, Pages 139-156
Abstract
Due to budget and time constraints, the National Statistical Organizations usually design their surveys and optimize the size of samples at a larger geographical level e.g. the national level. This causes the economic researchers, planners, and decision-makers not to have access to their required data ...
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Due to budget and time constraints, the National Statistical Organizations usually design their surveys and optimize the size of samples at a larger geographical level e.g. the national level. This causes the economic researchers, planners, and decision-makers not to have access to their required data at the smaller geographical levels or in terms of some specific characteristics.In order to meet their statistical needs, the data users have resorted to the other agencies producing statistics which design their surveys and optimize size of samples at a smaller geographical level such as Ostan (province). Unfortunately this could impose a heavy cost on the country's budget, lengthen the process of data collection and dissemination and bring about the non-sampling errors with a higher proportion in the process. This paper, introducing some Small Area Estimation (SAE) methods, attempts to recommend an appropriate method, for estimating unemployment rates at the provincial level.
