Author
Abstract
The main issue of discussion in this paper is to investigate the decision-making for divorce by using the utility theory. This analysis is constructed on the exit-voice theory to explain what factors tend to increase or decrease the occurrence of divorce. This analysis proposes four hypotheses: first, men with higher income have less incentive to divorce. Second, women’s income has positive effect on probability of their incentive to divorce. Third, women’s employment destabilizes the marriage and fourth, men’s incentive to divorce is higher than that for women. To test these hypotheses, samples of married men and women (at least 35 years old) were used. The results suggest that third hypothesis is rejected while other hypotheses have been accepted.
Keywords
رستگار خالد، امیر (1385)، خانواده- کار- جنسیت، تهران: روابط عمومی شورای فرهنگی- اجتماعی زنان.
عیسیزاده، سعید؛ بلالی، اسماعیل و علیمحمد قدسی (1389)، «تحلیل اقتصادی طلاق: بررسی ارتباط بیکاری و طلاق در ایران طی دوره 1385-1345»، فصلنامه مطالعات راهبردی زنان، سال سیزدهم، شماره 50، صفحات 28-7.
قریشی، فردین؛ شیرمحمدی، داود و آوات برجوند (1393)، «فهم عوامل طلاق از منظر مردان و زنان در معرض طلاق و طلاق گرفته: مطالعۀ موردی شهر سقز»، فصلنامۀ پژوهشهای راهبردی امنیت و نظم اجتماعی، سال سوم، شماره اول، صفحات 30-19.
مهربانی، وحید (1391)، بررسی اقتصادی تصمیمسازی در چرخۀ زندگی خانوار، رسالۀ دکتری، دانشگاه تهران، دانشکدۀ اقتصاد.
مهربانی، وحید (1393)، «آموزش و منافع اقتصادی تشکیل خانواده: آزمونی از اثر بهرهوری متقاطع»، مجلۀ تحقیقات اقتصادی، دورۀ 49، شمارۀ 4، صفحات 925-903.
مهربانی، وحید؛ احمدیان، مجید؛ رهبر، فرهاد؛ عبدلی، قهرمان و شهلا کاظمیپور (1393)، «ازدواج و عرضه کار خانگی زنان: یک الگوی نظری و برخی شواهد»، زن: حقوق و توسعه، دوره 2، شماره 3، صفحات 50-31.
هنریان، مسعوده و سید جلال یونسی (1390) «بررسی علل طلاق در دادگاههای خانواده تهران»، فصلنامۀ مطالعات روانشناسی بالینی، سال اول، شمارۀ 3، صفحات 153-125.
Becker, G. S. (1973), “A Theory of Marriage: Part I”, The Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 81, No. 4, pp. 813-846.
Becker, G. S. (1974), “A Theory of Marriage: Part II”, The Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 82, No. 2, pp. S11-S26.
Becker, G. S. (1993), A Treatise on the Family, Enlarged Edition, Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Becker, G. S.; Landes, E. M. and Michael, R. T. (1977), “An Economic Analysis of Marital Instability”, The Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 85, No. 6, pp. 1141-1187.
Benham, L. (1974), “Benefits of Women's Education within Marriage”, The Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 82, No. 2, Part 2, pp. S57-S71.
Booth, A. and Edwards, J. N. (1985) “Age at Marriage and Marital Instability”, Journal of Marriage and the Family, Vol. 47, No. 1, pp. 67-75.
Hirschman, A. O. (1988), Exit and Voice, In The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics, Vol. 2, Edited by John Eatwell, Murray Milgate and Peter Newman, The Macmillan Press Limited, London and Basingstoke.
Hoffman, S. (1977), “Marital Instability and the Economic Status of Women”, Demography, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 67-76.
Israel, G. D. (2009), Determining Sample Size, University of Florida, Department of Agricultural Education and Communication.
Jarvis, S. and Jenkins, S. P. (1999), “Marital Splits and Income Changes: Evidence from the British Household Panel Survey”, Population Studies, Vol. 53, No. 2, pp. 237-254.
Kenny, L. W. (1978), “Male Wage Rates and Marital Status”, NBER Working Paper Series, No. 271.
Kenny, L. W. (1983), “The Accumulation of Human Capital During Marriage by Males”, Economic Inqiry, Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 223-231.
Lehrer, E. L. (2008), “Age at Marriage and Marital Instability: Revisiting the Becker-Landes-Michael Hypothesis”, Journal of Population Economics, Vol. 21, pp. 463-484
Maneker, J. S. and Rankin, R. P. (1985), “Education, Age at Marriage and Marital Duration: Is There a Relationship?,” Journal of Marriage and the Family, Vol. 47, No. 3, pp. 675-683.
Parsons, D. O. (1977), “Health, Family Structure and Labor Supply”, The American Economic Review, Vol. 67, No. 4, pp. 703-712.
Schoeni, R. F. (1995), “Marital Status and Earnings in Developed Countries”, Journal of Population Economics, Vol. 8, No. 4, pp. 351-359.
Tzeng, M.-S. (1992) “The Effects of Socioeconomic Heterogamy and Changes on Marital Dissolution for First Marriages”, Journal of Marriage and the Family, Vol. 54, No. 3, pp. 609-619.
Vi Cao, N.; Fragniere, E.; Gauthier, Jacques-Antoine; Sapin, M. and Eric D. Widmer (2010) “Optimizing the Marriage Market: An Application of the Linear Assignment Model”, European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 202, No. 2, pp. 547-553.
Weiss, Y. and Willis, R. J. (1985) “Children as Collective Goods and Divorce Settlements”, Journal of Labor Economics, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 268-292.
Weiss, Y. and Willis, R. J. (1997), “Match Quality, New Information and Marital Dissolution”, Journal of Labor Economics, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. S293-S329.
Weiss, Y. and Willis, R. J. (1997) “Match Quality, New Information and Marital Dissolution”, Journal of Labor Economics, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. S293-S329
)