Firooz Falahi; jalal montazeri shoorekchali
Volume 15, Issue 44 , October 2010, , Pages 111-133
Abstract
The annual data on economic growth and energy consumption in Iran during the period 1352-1386 is used to study the effect of energy use on the growth of Iranian economy. To that end, a smooth transition regression model is used. The selected model has two regimes and two thresholds. Regime one starts ...
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The annual data on economic growth and energy consumption in Iran during the period 1352-1386 is used to study the effect of energy use on the growth of Iranian economy. To that end, a smooth transition regression model is used. The selected model has two regimes and two thresholds. Regime one starts from 1353 and ends in 1362; while the second regime covers the period 1363-1386. The results show that the energy use had a negative effect on the economic growth in both regimes, and that the effect is larger in the first regime. Therefore, based on these results the growth hypothesis does not hold in the Iranian economy. This could be considered as a sign of inefficient use of energy in Iran.
Asghar Shahmoradi; Mohsen Mehrara; Navid Fayazi
Volume 14, Issue 42 , April 2010, , Pages 1-24
Abstract
This paper investigates the impacts of an energy price increase on price levels, income distribution, consumer’ welfare and government expenditure. In doing so, it uses a static Input-Output approach in the context of the input-output table for Islamic Republic of Iran for the year 2004. An exogenous ...
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This paper investigates the impacts of an energy price increase on price levels, income distribution, consumer’ welfare and government expenditure. In doing so, it uses a static Input-Output approach in the context of the input-output table for Islamic Republic of Iran for the year 2004. An exogenous increase in energy prices, due to reduction in energy subsidies, increases the production costs and consequently increases the general price level. Such price increases, result in a consumer’ welfare reduction and affect the government expenditures. It defines a set of indirect utility functions, which then used to measure the change in welfare of households. A set of constant coefficients used to measure the increase in households’ budget and change in government expenditures. Two distinct scenarios defined for energy prices increase, the first is a once-for-all 100% increase in those prices, and the second scenario assumes a once-for-all complete elimination of energy subsidies in Iran.
Reza Ebrahimi
Volume 6, Issue 21 , February 2005, , Pages 9-36
Abstract
Air pollution is an example of a negative externality; it imposes harmful effects and costs on people other than polluterS. In controlling air pollution, efficiency argument implies that, there is a rolefor the government to play. Studies show that taxation of fuels can be a powerful indirect instrumentfor ...
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Air pollution is an example of a negative externality; it imposes harmful effects and costs on people other than polluterS. In controlling air pollution, efficiency argument implies that, there is a rolefor the government to play. Studies show that taxation of fuels can be a powerful indirect instrumentfor controlling air polluticn because of the association between fuels use and emissions. In Iran, fuels consumption is highly subsidized and energy prices have for several yean been below opportunity costs as measured by border prices. The present study examined the impact of fuel price increases-removing energy subsidies-on the emissions of air pollutants in the industry sector. We analyze interfuel substitution in this sector-within a translog cost model-and combine the results with emission factors to assess the potential for emission reductions via demand changes. The empirical results indicale that: (1) substitution possibilities werefound for most combinations of fuel types in induStry sector; (2)for SOx, NOx, SPM and HC, emission elasticities with respect to the price of heavy petroleum products are -0.289, -0.220. -0.255 and -0.072, respectively. Also, a 10 percent price increasefor light petroleum products would reduce t0tal emissions of CO and HC by 3.36% and 0.47% respectively.
Mohammad Reza Lotfalipour; Ahmad Bagheri
Volume 5, Issue 16 , October 2003, , Pages 133-151
Abstract
Energy is one of the most important factors for economic development and progress. Natural gas having many advantages and providing 43 percent of primary energy in the country has a particular role among other energy sources.Analysis of energy market، in general، and energy demand، in particular، ...
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Energy is one of the most important factors for economic development and progress. Natural gas having many advantages and providing 43 percent of primary energy in the country has a particular role among other energy sources.Analysis of energy market، in general، and energy demand، in particular، is very important in recognizing the role of energy and its usage in different areas of the country. The study of natural gas demand as one of the energy carriers in household sector is done in this work to find how the structure of consumers behaviour is. Analysis of the household demand elasticity to natural gas prices، per capita income، and average weather temperature help policy makers to provide required natural gas in an optimum form. Achieving this purpose، total and average demand functions of Tehran citizens are estimated on the basis of data during 1985 -1999 seasonally. Finally، income and price elasticities for natural gas are determined.
