Saeed Karimi; Saeed Rasekhi; Mojtaba Ehsani
Volume 13, Issue 39 , July 2009, , Pages 147-166
Abstract
Governments have an important role in planning and preparing the food these security through protection policies such as subsidizing the basic food in the same time pay subsidies it will increase the government expenditure,and hence, it is necessary to set specific goals carefully. In this article, the ...
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Governments have an important role in planning and preparing the food these security through protection policies such as subsidizing the basic food in the same time pay subsidies it will increase the government expenditure,and hence, it is necessary to set specific goals carefully. In this article, the demand for main or basic foods, (i.e.bread, meat, milk, edible, oil and sugar) have been estimated by using AIDS Model and taking into account household budget in urban areas and consumer price index through two stage model and cointegration for the years 1934-2005. & estimation was done for both the short-run and the long-run and the homogenous constraint and symmetric have been examined by Wald test. As an instrument of analysis, price elasticity, income elasticity and cross price elasticity of demand have been calculated for the short-run and the long-run. The results show that reducing subsidies on these goods would put a pressure on consumer expenditure through the rise in the prices. However, changes in the structure of subsidies with a gradual reduction in the amount of subsidies for bread, edible oil and sugar and directing the payment toward meat and milk within a specific goal is recommended.
Enayatollah Fakhrai; Farrokh Norroozy
Volume 9, Issue 30 , April 2007, , Pages 119-135
Abstract
Rice is an important item in the Iranian agricultural product imports. This paper presents the estimation of an error correction model of linear approximation of the Almost Ideal Demand System for various kinds of imported rice, including Pakistanian, Thai, and others, as well as Iranian rice. The period ...
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Rice is an important item in the Iranian agricultural product imports. This paper presents the estimation of an error correction model of linear approximation of the Almost Ideal Demand System for various kinds of imported rice, including Pakistanian, Thai, and others, as well as Iranian rice. The period of the study covers the period1981-2004. The findings of the research show that short-run and long-run Marshalian own price elasticities are negative except for that of Pakistanian rice wich has a positive elastivity in the short-run, though very close to zero. The short-run Hicksian own price elasticities are all negative and close to those of Marshalian ones, except for Pakistanian rice which is positive in both cases. The Hicksian cross elasticties indicate that all Pakistanian and Thai rice are imported by government in response to the shortages in the domestic market. That is the complementarity of the domestic and the imported rice is not due to the consumer preferances.
