Iranian Journal of Economic Research

Abstract The main objective of this paper is to examine of monetary approach to exchange rate determination in 14 MENA countries during 1975-2006. For this purpose, panel cointegration technique has been used to test the basic monetary model and flexible price monetary model of exchange rate determination. The empirical results indicate that there is a cointegration relationship between variables of basic and flexible price monetary models and therefore the monetary model is able to convincingly explain the exchange rates in MENA Countries. Hence, it could be concluded in the region the parity domestic currency vs. foreign currencies has been affected by mostly the amount of domestic money and increase (decrease) of amount of domestic liquidity leads to devaluation (evaluation) of domestic money. Also, the results show that there is negative significant relationship between exchange rate and output and positive significant relationship with expected inflation rate in Middle East and North Africa countries. This empirical evidence implies that in addition to liquidity, variables such as expected inflation rate and GDP are important in determination of the equilibrium exchange rate in MENA Countries.

Abstract According to Kaldor, industry is an engine of economic growth. Following developed countries experiences, many developing countries have , selected industrialization strategy to boost their economic development. Iran was one of these countries that started industrialization policy in 1960s through an import substitution strategy.    The objective of this paper is to test the Kaldor's Engine of Growth, KEG, in Iranian economy. We apply cointegration and Granger casualty methods to test the Kaldor’s hypothesis in Iran using the data for the period 1959-2000.     The main finding of the research confirms KEG in Iranian economy.